Microservice Architecture
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Microservices.io is brought to you by Chris Richardson. Experienced software architect, author of POJOs in Action, the creator of the original CloudFoundry.com, and the author of Microservices patterns.
Chris helps clients around the world adopt the microservice architecture through consulting engagements, and training classes and workshops.
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Pattern: Log aggregation
Context
You have applied the Microservice architecture pattern. The application consists of multiple services and service instances that are running on multiple machines. Requests often span multiple service instances.
Each service instance generates writes information about what it is doing to a log file in a standardized format. The log file contains errors, warnings, information and debug messages.
Problem
How to understand the behavior of an application and troubleshoot problems?
Forces
- Any solution should have minimal runtime overhead
Solution
Use a centralized logging service that aggregates logs from each service instance. The users can search and analyze the logs. They can configure alerts that are triggered when certain messages appear in the logs.
Examples
Resulting Context
This pattern has the following issues:
- handling a large volume of logs requires substantial infrastructure
Related patterns
- Distributed tracing - include the external request id in each log message
- Exception tracking - as well as logging exceptions, report them to an exception tracking service
The patterns
Application architecture patterns
Decomposition
Deployment patterns
- Multiple service instances per host
- Service instance per host
- Service instance per VM
- Service instance per Container
- Serverless deployment
- Service deployment platform
Cross cutting concerns
Communication style
External API
Transactional messaging
Service discovery
- Client-side discovery
- Server-side discovery
- Service registry
- Self registration
- 3rd party registration
Reliability
Data management
- Database per Service
- Shared database
- Saganew
- API Compositionnew
- CQRS
- Event sourcing
- Application events
Security
Testing
Observability
- Log aggregation
- Application metrics
- Audit logging
- Distributed tracing
- Exception tracking
- Health check API
- Log deployments and changesnew
UI patterns